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		<title>最新版的blast下载</title>
		<link>http://liucheng.name/785/</link>
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		<pubDate>Sat, 11 Jul 2009 05:17:44 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>柳城</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[生物信息学]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[blast]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[下载]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[生物信息软件]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[在NCBI最新版的Blast可以通过FTP下载。目前的最新版本是2.2.20； 下面的wwwblast所指的是基于web页面的blast。在windows下不支持。如果上面的下载地址失效了。这可能是Blast的版本更新了。你可以直接通过登陆到NCBI的FTP直接下载...<table class="wumii-related-items" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" border="0"  style="clear: both;">
    
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>在<span class='wp_keywordlink_affiliate'><a href="http://liucheng.name/tag/ncbi/" title="NCBI" target="_blank">NCBI</a></span>最新版的<span class='wp_keywordlink_affiliate'><a href="http://liucheng.name/tag/blast/" title="Blast" target="_blank">Blast</a></span>可以通过FTP<span class='wp_keywordlink_affiliate'><a href="http://liucheng.name/tag/download/" title="查看 下载 中的全部文章" target="_blank">下载</a></span>。目前的最新版本是2.2.20</p>
<p> 下面的www<span class='wp_keywordlink_affiliate'><a href="http://liucheng.name/tag/blast/" title="查看 blast 中的全部文章" target="_blank">blast</a></span>所指的是已经构建好的基于web页面的<span class='wp_keywordlink_affiliate'><a href="http://liucheng.name/tag/blast/" title="查看 blast 中的全部文章" target="_blank">blast</a></span>。windows下的版本还没有。</p>
<p><strong>platform    blast      netblast     wwwblast<span id="more-785"></span></strong></p>
<p align="left">win32-ia32  <a href="ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/blast/executables/LATEST/blast-2.2.20-ia32-win32.exe">download</a>  <a href="ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/blast/executables/LATEST/netblast-2.2.20-ia32-win32.exe">download</a>      n/a</p>
<p align="left">win64-x64  <a href="ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/blast/executables/LATEST/blast-2.2.20-x64-win64.exe">download</a>   <a href="ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/blast/executables/LATEST/netblast-2.2.20-x64-win64.exe">download</a>      n/a</p>
<p align="left"><a href="http://www.liucheng.name/?tag=linux" target="_blank">Linux</a>-ia32   <a href="ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/blast/executables/LATEST/blast-2.2.20-ia32-linux.tar.gz">download</a>  <a href="ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/blast/executables/LATEST/netblast-2.2.20-ia32-linux.tar.gz">download</a>      <a href="ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/blast/executables/LATEST/wwwblast-2.2.20-ia32-linux.tar.gz">download</a></p>
<p align="left"><span class='wp_keywordlink_affiliate'><a href="http://liucheng.name/tag/linux/" title="Linux" target="_blank">Linux</a></span>-x64   <a href="ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/blast/executables/LATEST/blast-2.2.20-x64-linux.tar.gz">download</a>   <a href="ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/blast/executables/LATEST/netblast-2.2.20-x64-linux.tar.gz">download</a>      <a href="ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/blast/executables/LATEST/wwwblast-2.2.20-x64-linux.tar.gz">download</a></p>
<p align="left">macosx-universal <a href="ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/blast/executables/LATEST/blast-2.2.20-universal-macosx.tar.gz">download</a> <a href="ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/blast/executables/LATEST/netblast-2.2.19-universal-macosx.tar.gz">download</a>  <a href="ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/blast/executables/LATEST/wwwblast-2.2.19-universal-macosx.tar.gz">download</a></p>
<p align="left">solaris-sparc64 <a href="ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/blast/executables/LATEST/blast-2.2.20-sparc64-solaris.tar.gz">download</a> <a href="ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/blast/executables/LATEST/netblast-2.2.19-sparc64-solaris.tar.gz">download</a>      <a href="ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/blast/executables/LATEST/wwwblast-2.2.20-sparc64-solaris.tar.gz">download</a></p>
<p align="left">solaris-x64   <a href="ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/blast/executables/LATEST/blast-2.2.20-x64-solaris.tar.gz">download</a>  <a href="ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/blast/executables/LATEST/netblast-2.2.20-x64-solaris.tar.gz">download</a>      <a href="ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/blast/executables/LATEST/wwwblast-2.2.20-x64-solaris.tar.gz">download</a></p>
<p align="left">如果上面的<span class='wp_keywordlink_affiliate'><a href="http://liucheng.name/tag/download/" title="查看 下载 中的全部文章" target="_blank">下载</a></span>地址失效了。这可能是Blast的版本更新了。你可以直接通过登陆到NCBI的FTP直接下载。通过迅雷和快车等工具也是可以的。</p>
<pre>ftp  <a href="ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov">ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov</a></pre>
<pre>cd /blast/executables/LATEST</pre>
<pre>ftp /blast/executables/LATEST &gt; ls
blast-2.2.20-ia32-freebsd.tar.gz           netblast-2.2.20-ia32-win32.exe
blast-2.2.20-ia32-linux.tar.gz             netblast-2.2.20-ia64-linux.tar.gz
blast-2.2.20-ia32-solaris.tar.gz           netblast-2.2.20-sparc64-solaris.tar.gz
blast-2.2.20-ia32-win32.exe                netblast-2.2.20-universal-macosx.tar.gz
blast-2.2.20-ia64-linux.tar.gz             netblast-2.2.20-x64-linux.tar.gz
blast-2.2.20-sparc64-solaris.tar.gz        netblast-2.2.20-x64-solaris.tar.gz
blast-2.2.20-universal-macosx.tar.gz       netblast-2.2.20-x64-win64.exe
blast-2.2.20-x64-linux.tar.gz              wwwblast-2.2.20-ia32-freebsd.tar.gz
blast-2.2.20-x64-solaris.tar.gz            wwwblast-2.2.20-ia32-linux.tar.gz
blast-2.2.20-x64-win64.exe                 wwwblast-2.2.20-ia32-solaris.tar.gz
ncbi.tar.gz                                wwwblast-2.2.20-ia64-linux.tar.gz
ncbiz.exe                                  wwwblast-2.2.20-sparc64-solaris.tar.gz
netblast-2.2.20-ia32-freebsd.tar.gz        wwwblast-2.2.20-universal-macosx.tar.gz
netblast-2.2.20-ia32-linux.tar.gz          wwwblast-2.2.20-x64-linux.tar.gz
netblast-2.2.20-ia32-solaris.tar.gz        wwwblast-2.2.20-x64-solaris.tar.gz</pre>
<p align="left">非常方便。你可用于构建本地的Blast，也可用于构建web页面的Blast。</p>
<p align="left">关于Blast的详细文档，看这里：<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/blast/docs/">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/blast/docs/</a></p>
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		</item>
		<item>
		<title>ClustalW、ClustalX介绍及最新版下载地址</title>
		<link>http://liucheng.name/387/</link>
		<comments>http://liucheng.name/387/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 24 Apr 2009 07:44:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>柳城</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[每周精选]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[生物信息学]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ClustalW]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ClustalX]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[下载]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[生物信息软件]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.liucheng.name/?p=387</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[ Clustal的基本思想是基于相似序列通常具有进化相关性这一假设。先对所有的序列进行两两比对并计算它们的相似性分数值，并在每组之间进行比对，计算相似性分数值。<table class="wumii-related-items" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" border="0"  style="clear: both;">
    
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>         Clustal的基本思想是基于相似<span class='wp_keywordlink_affiliate'><a href="http://liucheng.name/entrez/" title="序列" target="_blank">序列</a></span>通常具有进化相关性这一假设。比对过程中，先对所有的序列进行两两比对并计算它们的相似性分数值，然后根据相似性分数值将它们分成若干组，并在每组之间进行比对，计算相似性分数值。<span id="more-387"></span>根据相似性分数值继续分组比对，直到得到最终比对结果。比对过程中，相似性程度较高的序列先进行比对，而距离较远的序列添加在后面。作为程序的一部分，Clusal可以输出用于构建进化树的数据。</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://liucheng.name/wp-content/uploads/2009/04/clustalx-20-screenshot-on-mac-os-x.gif" class="highslide-image" onclick="return hs.expand(this);"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-388" title="clustalx-20-screenshot-on-mac-os-x" src="http://liucheng.name/wp-content/uploads/2009/04/clustalx-20-screenshot-on-mac-os-x.gif" alt="clustalx-20-screenshot-on-mac-os-x" width="396" height="248" /></a></p>
<p>         Clustal程序有许多版本，<span class='wp_keywordlink_affiliate'><a href="http://liucheng.name/387/" title="ClustalW" target="_blank">ClustalW</a></span>（Thompson等，1994），根据对亲缘关系较近的序列间空位情况，确定如何在亲缘关系较远的序列之间插入空位。同样，相似性较高的序列比对结果中的残基突变信息，可用于改变某个特殊位置空位罚分值的大小，推测该位点的序列变异性。</p>
<p>　　<span class='wp_keywordlink_affiliate'><a href="http://liucheng.name/411/" title="ClustalX" target="_blank">ClustalX</a></span>－是CLUSTAL多重序列比对程序的Windows版本。Clustal X为进行多重序列和轮廓比对和分析结果提供一个整体的环境。</p>
<p>下列网站提供在线<span class='wp_keywordlink_affiliate'><a href="http://liucheng.name/tag/clustalw/" title="查看 ClustalW 中的全部文章" target="_blank">ClustalW</a></span>服务:</p>
<p><a href="http://align.genome.jp/">http://align.genome.jp/</a> (推荐)</p>
<p><a href="http://www.ebi.ac.uk/Tools/clustalw/">http://www.ebi.ac.uk/Tools/clustalw/</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.ch.embnet.org/software/ClustalW.html">http://www.ch.embnet.org/software/ClustalW.html</a></p>
<p><a href="http://npsa-pbil.ibcp.fr/cgi-bin/npsa_automat.pl?page=/NPSA/npsa_clustalw.html">http://npsa-pbil.ibcp.fr/cgi-bin/npsa_automat.pl?page=/NPSA/npsa_clustalw.html</a></p>
<p><a href="http://clustalw.ddbj.nig.ac.jp/top-e.html">http://clustalw.ddbj.nig.ac.jp/top-e.html</a></p>
<p>ClustalW、<span class='wp_keywordlink_affiliate'><a href="http://liucheng.name/tag/clustalx/" title="查看 ClustalX 中的全部文章" target="_blank">ClustalX</a></span>最新版本<span class='wp_keywordlink_affiliate'><a href="http://liucheng.name/tag/download/" title="查看 下载 中的全部文章" target="_blank">下载</a></span>，目前最新版本为2.0.11，有WIN版本和<span class='wp_keywordlink_affiliate'><a href="http://liucheng.name/tag/linux/" title="Linux" target="_blank">Linux</a></span>版本:</p>
<p><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><span style="color: #0000ff;"><a href="http://www.clustal.org/download/current/">http://www.clustal.org/download/current/</a></span></span></p>
<p>EMBL的<span class='wp_keywordlink_affiliate'><a href="http://liucheng.name/tag/download/" title="查看 下载 中的全部文章" target="_blank">下载</a></span>地址：</p>
<p> <a href="ftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/software/clustalw2/">ftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/software/clustalw2/</a><sup> </sup></p>
<p>参考文献：<br />
Larkin MA, Blackshields G, Brown NP, Chenna R, McGettigan PA, McWilliam H, Valentin F, Wallace IM, Wilm A, Lopez R, Thompson JD, Gibson TJ, Higgins DG.<br />
(2007). <a href="http://bioinformatics.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/23/21/2947">Clustal W and Clustal X version 2.0. </a><em><span class='wp_keywordlink_affiliate'><a href="http://liucheng.name/category/bioinformatics/" title="Bioinformatics">Bioinformatics</a></span></em>, 23, 2947-2948.</p>
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		<title>本地blast的详细用法</title>
		<link>http://liucheng.name/39/</link>
		<comments>http://liucheng.name/39/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 03 Apr 2009 01:40:23 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>柳城</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[生物信息学]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[blast]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[下载]]></category>

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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>本地<span class='wp_keywordlink_affiliate'><a href="http://liucheng.name/tag/blast/" title="Blast" target="_blank">Blast</a></span>的详细使用方法</strong></p>
<p><span class='wp_keywordlink_affiliate'><a href="http://liucheng.name/tag/blast/" title="查看 blast 中的全部文章" target="_blank">blast</a></span>all -p <span class='wp_keywordlink_affiliate'><a href="http://liucheng.name/tag/blast/" title="查看 blast 中的全部文章" target="_blank">blast</a></span>n -i myRNA.fasta -d humanRNA.fasta -o myresult.blastout -a 2 -F F -T T -e 1e-10<br />
解释如下：</p>
<p><span id="more-39"></span><br />
blastall: 这是本地化/命令行执行blast时的程序名字！(Tips:blastall直接回车就会给出你所有的参数帮助，但是英文的)</p>
<p>-p: p 是program的简写,program在计算机领域中是程序的意思。此参数是指定要使用何种子程序，所谓子程序，就是针对不同的需要，如核酸<span class='wp_keywordlink_affiliate'><a href="http://liucheng.name/entrez/" title="序列" target="_blank">序列</a></span>和核酸序列进行比对、蛋白质序列和蛋白质序列进行比对、假设翻译后核酸序列于蛋白质序列进行比对，选择相应的子程序: blastn 是用于核酸对核酸 blastp 是蛋白质对蛋白质序列 等等，一共5个自程序。</p>
<p>-i: i 是input的简写，意思是输入文件，就是你自己的要进行比对的序列文件(fasta格式）</p>
<p>-d: d是database的简写,意思是要比对的目标数据库,在例子中就是humanRNA.fasta (别忘了要formatdb)</p>
<p>-o: o是output的简写，意思是结果文件名字，这个根据你自己的习惯起名字，可以带路径，(上边两个参数-i -d 也都可以带路径)<br />
*注意以上4个参数是必须的，缺一不可，下面的参数是为了得到更好的结果自己可调的参数，如果你不加也没有关系，blastall程序本身会给一个默认值！</p>
<p>-a: 是指计算时要用的CPU个数，我的机器有两个CPU，所以用-a 2，这样可以并行化进行计算，提高速度，当然你的计算机就一个CPU,可以不用这个参数，系统默认值为1,就是一个CPU</p>
<p>-F: 是filter的简写，blastall程序中有对简单的重复序列和低复杂度的一些repeats过滤调，默认是T (注意以后的有几种参数就两个选项，T/F T就是ture,真，你可以理解为打开该功能; F就是false，假，理解为关闭该功能)</p>
<p>-T: 是HTML的简写，是指blast结果文件是否用HTML格式，默认是F!如果你想用IE看，我建议用-T T</p>
<p>-e: 是Expectation value，期望值，默认是10，我用的10-10！</p>
<p class="date"><strong>BLASTALL 用法</strong></p>
<div id="blog_text" class="cnt"><strong>a.格式化序列数据库</strong><br />
格式化序列数据库— —formatdb</div>
<p>formatdb简单介绍:<br />
formatdb处理的都是格式为 ASN.1和 <span class='wp_keywordlink_affiliate'><a href="http://liucheng.name/770/" title="FASTA" target="_blank">FASTA</a></span>，而且不论是核苷酸序列数据库，还是蛋白质序列数据库；不论是使用Blastall ，还是Blastpgp，Mega Blast应用程序，这一步都是不可少的。</p>
<p>formatdb命令行参数:<br />
formatdb -    得到formatdb 所有的参数显示（见附录二）和介绍，</p>
<p><strong>主要参数的说明:</strong></p>
<pre>-i 输入需要格式化的源数据库名称 Optional

-p 文件类型，是核苷酸序列数据库，还是蛋白质序列数据库

    T – protein   F - nucleotide [T/F] Optional default = T

-a 输入数据库的格式是ASN.1（否 则是FASTA）

    T - True,     F - False.    [T/F] Optional default = F

-o 解析选项

    T - True: 解析序列标识并且建立目录

    F - False: 与上相反

   [T/F] Optional default = F</pre>
<p>命令示例:</p>
<pre>formatdb -i ecoli.nt -p F -o T</pre>
<p>运行此命令就会在当前目录下产生用于BLAST搜索的7个文件，一旦如上的formatdb命令执行完毕，就不 再需要ecoli.nt，可以移除。此时，blastall可以直接使用。</p>
<p><strong>b.Blastall常用参数简析</strong><br />
-p Program Name [String]<br />
所用程序名称[String]，用 户可以根据需要从blastn，blastp，blastx，tblastn，tblastx中任选一程序。</p>
<p>-d Database [String] default = nr<br />
所用序列数据库的名称 [String]，默认为：nr</p>
<p>-i Query File [File In] default = stdin<br />
所用查询序列文件[File In]， 默认为：stdin，本文例为 test.txt</p>
<p>-e Expectation value (E) [Real]   default = 10.0<br />
期望值[Real]   默认为10.0 描述搜索某一特定数据 库时，随机出现的匹配序列数目。</p>
<p>-m alignment view options: 比对显 示选项，其具体的说明可以用以下的比对实例说明<br />
0 = pairwise,显示具体匹配信息（缺省）<br />
1 = query-anchored showing identities,查询-比上区域，显示一致性<br />
2 = query-anchored no identities,查询-比上区域，不显示一致性<br />
3 = flat query-anchored, show identities,查询-比上区域的屏文形式，显示一致性<br />
4 = flat query-anchored, no identities,查询-比上区域的屏文形式，不显示一致性<br />
5 = query-anchored no identities and blunt ends,查询-比上区域，不显示一致性，无突然的结束<br />
6 = flat query-anchored, no identities and blunt ends,查询-比上区域的屏文形式，不显示一致性<br />
7 = XML Blast output,XML格式的输出<br />
8 = tabular,TAB格式的输出<br />
9 =tabular with comment lines,带注释行的TAB格式的输出<br />
10 =ASN, text,文本方式的ASN格式输出<br />
11 =ASN, binary [Integer] default = 0,二进制方式的ASN格式输出</p>
<p><strong>-m 8 用法举例说明如下：</strong><br />
<span style="color: #808080;">A_query    B_Sbjct    97.61    585    3    3    309    886    94498    95078    0.0    1017<br />
A_query    B_Sbjct    100.00    303    0    0    913    1215    95092    95394    2e-172    601<br />
A_query    B_Sbjct    100.00    209    0    0    1    209    94196    94404    3e-116    414<br />
A_query    B_Sbjct    100.00    123    0    0    1234    1356    95413    95535    6e-65    244<br />
A_query    B_Sbjct    100.00    41    0    0    210    250    94096    94136    5e-16    81.8<br />
A_query    B_Sbjct    100.00    35    0    0    251    285    94440    94474    2e-12    69.9<br />
A_query    B_Sbjct    100.00    29    0    0    885    913    95747    95775    7e-09    58.0<br />
A_query    A_query    97.61    585    3    3    309    886    403    983    0.0    1017<br />
A_query    A_query    100.00    303    0    0    913    1215    997    1299    2e-172    601<br />
A_query    A_query    100.00    209    0    0    1    209    101    309    3e-116    414<br />
A_query    A_query    100.00    123    0    0    1234    1356    1318    1440    6e-65    244<br />
A_query    A_query    100.00    41    0    0    210    250    1    41    5e-16    81.8<br />
A_query    A_query    100.00    35    0    0    251    285    345    379    2e-12    69.9<br />
A_query    A_query    100.00    29    0    0    885    913    1652    1680    7e-09    58.0<br />
</span></p>
<p><span style="color: #808080;">结果12列<br />
Query id,Subject id,% identity,alignment length,mismatches,gap openings,q. start,q. end,s. start,s. end,e-value,bit score</span></p>
<p>-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</p>
<p>-o BLAST report Output File [File Out] Optional default = stdout,BLAST报告的输出文件[File Out] 默认为：stdout</p>
<p>-F Filter query sequence (DUST with blastn, SEG with others) [String] default = T<br />
查询序列过滤，将那些 给出影响比对结果的低复杂度区域过滤掉。用blastn进行查询的序列用DUST程序过滤，其他的用SEG过滤 。对DUST和SEG的详细情况，用户可以自己查询资料。</p>
<p>-G Cost to open a gap (zero invokes default behavior) [Integer]   default = 0<br />
空位开放罚分[Integer] (设为0则调用默认行为)   默认为0分</p>
<p>-E Cost to extend a gap (zero invokes default behavior) [Integer] default = 0<br />
空位扩展罚分[Integer] (设为0则调用默认行为) 默认为0分</p>
<p>-T Produce HTML output [T/F] default = F<br />
以网页形式打印</p>
<p>-X X dropoff value for gapped alignment (in bits) (zero invokes default behavior)<br />
blastn 30, megablast 20, tblastx 0, all others 15 [Integer]，default = 0</p>
<p>-I Show GI's in deflines [T/F]   default = F<br />
提示行显示GI number 默认不显示</p>
<p>-q Penalty for a nucleotide mismatch (blastn only) [Integer] default = -3<br />
核酸序列基对不匹配所罚分数(blastn only) [Integer] 默认罚3分</p>
<p>-r Reward for a nucleotide match (blastn only) [Integer] default = 1<br />
核苷酸序列基对匹配所加分数(blastn only) [Integer] 默认加1分</p>
<p>-g Perfom gapped alignment (not available with tblastx) [T/F] default = T<br />
是否执行带缺口的比对(not available with tblastx) 默认为是&amp;nbsp;    </p>
<p>-a Number of processors to use [Integer] default = 1<br />
使用处理器的数目[Integer] 默认为单机</p>
<p>-B Number of concatenated queries, for blastn and tblastn [Integer] Optional default = 0<br />
需要联配查询的序列数目 for blastn and tblastn [Integer] 默认为单序列</p>
<p>-M Matrix [String],default = BLOSUM62 打分矩阵，默认BLOSUM62</p>
<p>-W Word size, default if zero (blastn 11, megablast 28, all others 3) [Integer] default = 0<br />
所开窗口</p>
<p>-w Frame shift penalty (OOF algorithm for blastx) [Integer] default = 0<br />
窗口罚分</p>
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